And they wanted to focus on the flagellum because it's that whiplike tail that propels a sperm forward.

霍普金：他们想把重点放在鞭毛上，因为鞭状的尾巴推前进。

This included a gene whose protein helps develop neurons and create synapses, and another one that works in the whip-like tail of sperm.

这包括一种基因，其白质有助于发育神经元和产，另一种基因在的鞭状尾巴中起作用。

Over billions of years of evolution, nature has come up with lots of molecular machines, from whip-like flagella that help cells move, to enzymes that catalyze chemical reactions.

在几十亿年的进化过程中，大自然产了许多分机器，从帮助细胞运的鞭状鞭毛体到催化学反应的酶。