So in osteochondroma, a tumor arises from the growth plate, and it typically results in a lateral bony projection.

因此在软瘤中，肿瘤起源于生长板，通常产生一个侧面的性突起。

Let's start with the most common benign tumor, which is an osteochondroma and commonly affects males under 25 years.

们从最常见的良性肿瘤开始，即软瘤，多见于25岁以下的男性。

For example, osteochondroma cause exostoses, while the giant cell tumor forms a multicystic bone lesions that look like soap bubbles.

，软瘤形成外生疣；巨细胞瘤形成多囊样病变，状似皂泡样。

Osteochondroma is thought to arise from mutations in the Exostosin 1, or EXT1 and Exostosin 2 or EXT2 genes, which encode the Exostosin 1 and 2 proteins.

软瘤被认为是由于Exostosin 1（EXT1）与Exostosin 2（EXT2）基因突变引起的，这两个基因编码Exostosin 1与Exostosin 2蛋白。

Some unique symptoms are that the pain of osteoid osteoma typically gets worse at night, while osteochondromas and osteoblastomas sometimes press against spinal nerves, causing numbness and limb weakness.

一些独特的症状样瘤的疼痛通常会在夜间加剧，而软瘤、成细胞瘤有时会压迫脊神经，引起麻木和四肢无力。