Instead, they rely on outside forces to transport their tiny pollen grains from male flower parts to female ones.

取而代之的是，它们依靠外部力量将微小的花粉粒从雄花转移到雌花。

Some pollen grains get stuck to the bee's fuzzy, sticky body.

一些花粉粒粘在蜜蜂毛茸茸、粘稠的身体上。

And during that visit, the insect got pollen grains stuck to the base of its mouthparts.

在那次访问期间，这种昆虫 的口器底部粘有花粉粒。

The scientists write that the flies could be transporting billions of grains of pollen across the continent, all while working to exterminate pests.

在文章中，科学家们称食蚜蝇能数跨越美洲运输十亿颗花粉粒，与此同时还能努力消灭害虫。

Until 1905 when Einstein theorized that this phenomenon was caused by as-yet-unproven atomic particles actually smacking into the grains of pollen.

直到 1905 年， 爱因斯坦提出论，认为这种现象是由尚未证实的原子粒子实际撞击花粉粒引起的。

A pollinium, when highly developed, consists of a mass of pollen-grains, affixed to an elastic foot-stalk or caudicle, and this to a little mass of extremely viscid matter.

高度发育的花粉由大量花粉粒组成， 附着在有弹性的足柄或叶柄上， 而这又是一小团极其粘稠的物质。

When an insect visits a flower of this kind, it rubs off some of the viscid matter, and thus at the same time drags away some of the pollen-grains.

当一只昆虫访问这种花时， 它会擦掉一些粘性物质， 从而同时带走一些花粉粒。

They can figure out basically how to have sex through the air. Their pollen grains are beautifully evolved, adapted, to being able to soar along and, eventually find another member of their species.

它们基本上可以弄清楚如何通过空气配。它们的花粉粒经过了美妙的化和适应，能够飞翔，最终找到它们物种的另一个成员。

The idea in pollination is if an animal or the wind or whatever takes pollen from a stamen and deposits it on these stigmas, you can see some pollen grains dropped off here.

授粉的概念是，如果动物或风或其他什么东西从雄蕊中获取花粉，并将其沉积在这些柱头上，你可以看到这里掉下了一些花粉粒。

And one of these flies found in Spanish amber dating to 105 million years ago actually had a clump of pollen grains in the hairs on its back -- from an extinct gymnosperm plant.

在 1.05 亿年前的西班牙琥珀中发现的其中一只苍蝇实际上在其背部的毛发中有一团花粉粒——来自一种已灭绝的裸子植物。

And while it's hard to catch an insect in the act of pollinating, the fossil record gives us several lines of indirect evidence of pollination, like specialized plant structures, specialized insect mouthparts, and pollen grains.

虽然很难捕捉到正在授粉的昆虫，但化石记录为我们提供了几授粉的间接证据，例如特殊的植物结构、特殊的昆虫口器和花粉粒。

That this is the origin of the caudicle, even when of considerable length and highly developed, we have good evidence in the aborted pollen-grains which can sometimes be detected embedded within the central and solid parts.

这就是叶柄的起源， 即使在叶柄相当长且高度发达的情况下，我们在花粉粒的败育中也有很好的证据， 有时可以检测到花粉粒嵌在中央和实心部分中。

Having found a female tree exactly sixty yards from a male tree, I put the stigmas of twenty flowers, taken from different branches, under the microscope, and on all, without exception, there were a few pollen-grains, and on some a profusion.

在距离一棵雄树正好 60 码处找到一棵雌树后， 我把从不同树枝上摘下的 20 朵花的柱头放在显微镜下，所有的花粉无一例外有一些花粉粒， 而在一些花粉粒上则是大量的.