There are two important chemicals found in all our brains - dopamine and acetylcholine.

多巴胺和乙酰胆碱。

It was found in 1995 that choline deficiency results in fatty liver and that choline supplementation reverses it.

研究者在1995年发现，缺乏胆碱会导致脂肪肝，但也可以通过补充胆碱来逆转。

That's why we prefer the more slow-burn feeling we get when our brains release acetylcholine.

也是为什么我们比较喜欢脑释放乙酰胆碱时平稳和缓感受。

If you haven't heard of acetylcholine yet, you're gonna wanna remember that name.

如果你还没听说过乙酰胆碱，你会想个名字。

The amount of choline in the diet influences how much acetylcholine is available in the brain and central nervous system.

饮食胆碱含量会影响脑和枢神经系统乙酰胆碱含量。

That happens when we concentrate, read, or focus our minds.

在我们专注、阅读或集精神时候，脑就会释放乙酰胆碱。

Most neurons in the cerebral cortex are called cholinergic neurons, because they produce acetylcholine.

脑皮层多数神经元为胆碱能神经元，因为它们产生乙酰胆碱作为神经递质。

Like all preganglionic fibers, these release acetylcholine, too.

像所有节前纤维一样，它们也释放乙酰胆碱。

The acetylcholine bind to muscarinic receptors on endothelial cells, which activates the enzyme nitric oxide synthase.

乙酰胆碱与内皮细胞上毒蕈碱受体结合，激活一氧化氮合酶。

One type of medication is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, like neostigmine or pyridostigmine.

其一种药物是乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）抑制剂，如新斯明或吡斯明。

Unfortunately the consequence of leaving choline out of IV nutrition was that the subjects often developed fatty liver.

不幸是，如果静脉注射液缺乏胆碱，病人往往会长出脂肪肝。

Choline wasn't officially recognized as an essential nutrient by the Institute of Medicine until 1998.

但直到1998年，胆碱才正式被医学研究所认定为人体必需营养素。

Another brain-healthy nutrient found most abundantly in animal foods is choline, found in liver, egg yolks, beef, and oily fish.

另一种在动物性食物含量最多对脑有益营养物质是胆碱，胆碱存在于肝脏、蛋黄、牛肉和油性鱼类。

In both cases, the parasympathetic nerve fibers in the cavernosal spaces release acetylcholine from their nerve endings.

在两种情况下，副交感神经纤维在海绵体间隙通过神经末梢释放乙酰胆碱。

In both systems, neurons release acetylcholine, or ACh, in their preganglionic synapses.

在两个系统，神经元在节前突触释放乙酰胆碱。

And in the meantime, lecithin is a useful plant-based source of choline which can be bought as a supplement.

同时，卵磷脂是一种有用植物性胆碱来源，可以作为补充剂购买。

Diphenhydramine as a medicine is a well known anti-cholinergic.

苯海拉明是一种知名抗胆碱药。

The good news is that another compound called betaine might be able to do some of the work of choline.

好消息是，另一种叫做甜菜碱化合物可能能起到胆碱部分作用。

Your body uses choline to produce a neurotransmitter called acetylcholine, which plays key roles in learning, memory, attention, motivation, and healthy sleep.

你身体使用胆碱产生一种叫做乙酰胆碱神经递质，它在学习、忆、注意力、动力和健康睡眠起着关键作用。

The plant is also loaded with compounds that disrupt the vital neurotransmitter called acetylcholine.

该植物还含有破坏称为乙酰胆碱重要神经递质化合物。