And researchers have discovered new so-called exotic matter made from quarks, the smallest particles known to science.

研究人员发现了由制成新奇异物质，科学界已知最小粒子。

A quintillion times smaller than you is the strange world of the quarks.

比你小五万亿倍奇异世界。

But if you twirl it in a different way, it becomes a quark.

但如果你以不同方式旋转它，它会变成一个。

How the sea of quarks cooled down in the moments after the Big Bang.

海洋如何在大爆炸后冷却下来。

We can ignore the particle masses at the individual quark level. - Correct.

我们可以从个别层级忽略它粒子质量。 - 正。

The quark-gluon plasma, the early universe, is a nearly perfect frictionless liquid.

胶子等离子体，早期宇宙，一种近乎完美无摩擦液体。

Supposing these are quarks and electrons, photons, the particles that constitute the standard model.

假设这些、电子、光量子和构成标准模型粒子。

It is made of three tiny fundamental particles called quarks.

它由三个极小基本粒子组成，称为。

Unfortunately hadrons, such as protons and antiprotons, are made of smaller bits called quarks.

不幸，强子，比如质子和反质子，由名为更小单元所组成。

Henry Kendall, Jerome Friedman, and Richard Taylor for the discovery of quarks.

证实存在亨利·肯德尔，杰罗姆·弗里德曼和理查德·泰勒。

When beauty quarks decay, the daughter particles produced sometimes include a pair of what are known as charged leptons.

当美衰变时，产生子粒子有时包含一对所谓带电轻子。

And as far as we know, quarks and electrons are basic particles, so they can't be subdivided any more.

据我们所知，和电子基本粒子，所以它们不能再被细分。

This creates a neutron star, quirk star or black hole and releases a beam of radiation in the process.

这个过程中会产生中子星、星或者黑洞并释放出一簇辐射线。

Deeper still you would find quarks, neutrinos and so on and then, just maybe, continuously deeper into infinity.

再往深处，你会发现，中微子等等，然后，也许，不断深入到无限深处。

Impossible to say, because the harder you look for them the more quarks seem to appear.

很难说，因为你越努力寻找，出现粒子似乎就越多。

What actually is a quark, what does it look like to human minds?

粒子究竟什么，它在人类心目中又什么样子得呢？

An exotic state of matter known as a quark-gluon plasma.

一种被称为胶子等离子体奇异物质状态。

But to reach the size of a quark we have to zoom in 1,000 times smaller.

但要想看到，必须再放大 1000 倍。

Yet, nestling amid the quarks and transistors and the nucleic acids and nanotubes, there is a question.

然而，就在、半导体、核酸和纳米管等 涌现同时，出现了一个问题。

A neutron contains two down quarks and one up.

一个中子包含两个下和一个上。