One of those chemical forces is anabolism.

其中一种化学力量是代谢。

Anabolic reactions construct things and consume energy.

代谢反应构建事物并消耗能量。

Testosterone is an anabolic steroid, meaning that itencourages new muscle growth.

睾丸素是一种代谢类固醇，它能够促进新的肌肉的生长。

And to do that, it triggers a shift from catabolic reactions to anabolic ones.

为此，它触发了从分解代谢反应到代谢反应的转变。

As the name implies, Human Growth Hormone is an anabolic hormone — a hormone conducive to growth.

顾名思义，人体生长素是一种促进代谢的素——即有助于生长的素。

For a start, oestrogen is anabolic, building up muscle, while progesterone is catabolic, breaking it down.

首先，雌素是代谢的，可以增强肌肉，而黄体酮是分解代谢的，可以分解肌肉。

This damage then signals anabolic pathways leading to muscle protein synthesis, a process that drives muscle growth.

这种损伤随后发出信号，代谢途径导致肌肉蛋白质，这是一个驱动肌肉生长的过程。

With the thylakoids implanted into the mice and exposed to light, the mice recovered. Their metabolism returned to normal.

人员将类囊体植入小鼠体内，并施加光照，小鼠的关节健康状况因此得到明显改善，细胞的代谢也恢复正常。

Recreational steroid users are after the anabolic, growth promoting effects.

休闲类固醇使用者追求代谢、促生长作用。

" Anabolic steroids" are a common type of performance-enhancing drugs.

“代谢类固醇”是一种常见的性能增强药物。

Normally, testosterone binds to this, but anabolic steroids can too.

通常情况下，睾丸素会与此结，但代谢类固醇也可以。

Proteins are used for protein synthesis and a slew of other metabolic purposes.

蛋白质则被用于蛋白质组织和大量新陈代谢活动。

Let's start off with the most famous of these drugs: anabolic steroids.

让我们从这些药物中最著名的开始：代谢类固醇。

But, of course, not all the effects of anabolic steroids are positive.

但是，当然，并非代谢类固醇的所有作用都是积极的。

Unlike anabolic steroids, which are often used to enhance performance, it is cleared from the body within hours.

与通常用于提高性能的代谢类固醇不同，它会在数小时内从体内清除。

These steroids have two main effects: androgenic, or masculinizing, and anabolic, or growth-promoting.

这些类固醇有两个主要作用：雄性素或男性化，以及代谢或促进生长。

More and more research has been showing that muscle contractions and longer muscle lengths tend to induce both greater metabolic and anabolic responses.

越来越多的表明，肌肉收缩和较长的肌肉长度往往会引起更大的代谢和代谢反应。

Those amino acids then get reassembled using anabolic reactions into your very own, but somewhat different, proteins, as defined by your DNA.

然后这些氨基酸通过代谢反应重组你自己的，但有些不同的蛋白质，由你的脱氧核糖核酸定义。

In summary, carbon dioxide is a metabolic waste product of ATP synthesis.

总之，二氧化碳是ATP的代谢废物。

And leucine is a key branch chain amino acid that has an anabolic effect on the body so it preserves lean body mass.

而亮氨酸是一种在体内起代谢作用的，关键性支链氨基酸，所以它能保护体内脂肪较少的肌肉块。