The effect this has on excitability of myocytes, however, is complex.

然而，这对心肌细胞兴影响是复杂。

The main excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain is glutamate.

脑部主要兴神经递质为谷氨酸。

Vocal variation adds excitement and emphasis to speech.

声音增加了讲话兴和强调。

To do that, they needed to test how the filopodia responded to glutamate, the brain's main excitatory neurotransmitter.

要做到这一点，他们需要测试树突丝对谷氨酸应，谷氨酸也就是大脑主要兴神经递质。

The result is a reduced excitability or responsiveness of the neurons and muscles in the heart.

这导致心脏神经元和肌肉兴应降低。

This reduces the heart's excitability and suppresses reentrant tachycardia.

这降低心脏兴和抑制折返快速心律失常。

While initial changes seem to increase myocyte excitability; further rise of potassium has the OPPOSITE effect.

初始可能增加心肌细胞兴，但钾进一步升高却具有相作用。

In addition to that, these same dopaminergic neurons also exert inhibitory effects on the excitatory cholinergic neurons in the striatum.

除此之外，多巴胺能神经元也有同样抑制作用纹状体兴胆碱能神经元。

So, NMDA receptors belong to the family of ionotropic glutamate receptors, which mediate most of the excitatory synaptic transmission in the brain.

因此，NMDA受体属于离子型谷氨酸受体家族，它介导大脑中大部分兴突触传递。

Ultimately this imbalance between inhibitory and excitatory activities leads to the manifestation of typical clinical symptoms that include resting tremor, rigidity, postural instability, and slowed movement.

最终，抑制和兴之间不平衡导致了这种表现典型临床症状包括静止震颤、僵硬、姿势不稳，减缓了行动。

Now, as you may know, the binding of glutamate to the NMDA receptor results in an influx of extracellular calcium, which controls membrane excitability and synaptic transmission.

现在，如你所知，谷氨酸与NMDA受体结合导致内流细胞外钙，控制膜兴和突触传递。

Now, these signals can be either excitatory, which is that they raise the likelihood the neuron will fire, or inhibitory in that they lower the likelihood that the neuron will fire.

现在，这些信号可以是兴，即它们会增加神经元放电可能， 也可以是抑制， 因为它们会降低神经元放电可能。