What are optical aberrations and why is 2 million times the typical maximum magnification?

什么是光学像差？为什么典型的大放大倍数是 200 万倍？

He was very interested in the aberration when twins have two different eye colors.

当双胞胎有两种不同的眼睛颜色时， 他对像差非常感兴趣。

Like a telescope mirror, the scallop's tiled squares create a smooth surface, which minimizes optical aberrations.

像望远镜镜一样，扇贝的平铺正方形创造了一个光滑的表面，大限度地减少了光学像差。

See? So it's not like you lost by one vote.

看到了？那么 并不是像只差一票。

The correction for the aberration of light is said by Muller not to be perfect even in that most perfect organ, the human eye.

穆，使在完美的器官——人眼中， 对光像差的校正也不是完美的。

The projector lenses magnify what has already been magnified by the objective lens, including the added aberrations, and this second magnification adds its own aberrations afterwards.

投影仪镜头放大物镜已经放大的物体，包括增加的像差， 然后第二次放大会增加自己的像差。

First the objective lens – often considered the heart of the microscope – magnifies the image by 40 times and its optical aberrations define the final resolution.

首先，物镜（通常被认为是显微镜的核心）将图像放大 40 倍，其光学像差决定了终的分辨率。

We draw this line because if we assume a thin lens, then we can draw a straight line through the center and disregard the slight offset that would occur due to refraction.

我们画这条线是因为如果我们假设镜片很薄，我们可以画一条穿过中心的直线，忽略因折射可能发生的轻微像差。

Therefore, a considerable amount of science and engineering is dedicated to reducing the aberrations introduced by the objective lens, as that is what ultimately limits the sub-nanometer scale resolution of the microscope.

因此， 大量科学和工程致力于减少物镜引入的像差，因为这终限制了显微镜的亚纳米级分辨率。

Hubble Space Telescope Program Manager Douglas Broome delivered the troubling news: “The conclusion we’ve come to is that a significant spherical aberration appears to be present in the optics, in the optical telescope system optics, ” he said.

哈勃太空望远镜项目经理道格拉斯·布鲁姆 (Douglas Broome) 发布了这个令人不安的消息：“我们得出的结论是，光学望远镜系统的光学元件中似乎存在明显的球面像差， ” 他。