Homosporous ferns produce sporophytes by intra gametophytic selfing, inter gametophytic mating, or apogamy.Gametangium ontogeny, genetic load, and ploidy affect the mating system of each species.

摘要型孢蕨类的孢可经、异两类育系统或以无生殖的方式产生，异又可分为异和异异两种方式。