And there are " network externalities" to consider.

此，还有“网络部”需要考虑。

Regulation can also create positive externalities.

监管也产生正部。

Market-based approaches to reduce negative externalities are also used to fight climate change.

减少负部市场为基础方法也被用于应对气候变化。

Another way that governments try to solve externalities is with market-based policies.

政府试图解决部另一种方式是基于市场政策。

When other people are made better off that is called a positive externality.

当别人变得更好时，它被称为正部。

In fact, externalities are the justification for almost everything the government does.

事实上，部几乎是政府所有行动正当理由。

We need to consider how healthy bodies are based on what's going on inside, rather than focusing on externalities.

我需要考虑健康身体取决于内在情况，而不应聚焦在部。

When the government tries to fix externalities they can use regulatory policies or market-based policies.

当政府试图解决部问题时，使用监管或基于市场政策。

The tax drives up the price, consumers buy fewer cigarettes, and this addresses the negative externality.

税收提高了香烟价格，消费者购买香烟减少了，这就解决了负部问题。

As for positive externalities. Think about education. More education is great for you.

至于正部，教育为例吧。更多教育对你来说是件好事。

There is no better example of this than what economists call externalities.

经济学家所说部就是最好例子。

We've tried to explain the problem of externalities, now let's talk about the solutions.

我试着解释了部问题，现在我来谈谈它解决方法。

When other people are made worse off that's called a negative externality.

当别人变得更糟时，它被称为负部。

It's an " externality." It's an externality.

这是一种“部”。这是一种部。

It also ignores positive externalities like investments in education and health care, mental health care, family services.

它还忽略了积极部， 如对教育和医疗保健、 心理保健、家庭服务投资。

Research produces its own set of externalities (positive ones), since knowledge tends to be shared.

研究产生了它自己一系列部（积极部），因为知识往往是共享。

Negative externalities, they're called in economics, costs that the price of the product doesn't include.

负部，它在经济学中被称为产品价格不包括成本。

Moreover, Jonathan Foley adds, American efficiency generates plenty of negative externalities itself.

此，Jonathan Foley 补充说，美国效率本身会产生大量负部。

It sounds like this classic externality story, right?

这听起来像是一个经典部故事，对吧？

But some of them made interesting strategic trade-offs that dramatically reduced their side effects, their externalities.

但中一些人做出了有趣战略权衡， 极大地减少了它副作用，即它部。