In general, the disease mechanism is a two fold process; decreased RBC lifespan and decreased RBC production.

一般来说，该病的发病机制是一个双重的过程；细胞寿命缩短，以及细胞生成量减少。

Rishi Jaluria is a researcher with the Canadian company RBC.

Rishi Jaluria是加拿大公司RBC的研究员。

The blood cells are mainly red blood cells also called RBCs or erythrocytes.

细胞主要是细胞，也叫 RBCs 或。

Now, we get the iron required for RBC production from our diet.

我们是从饮食中获得细胞生成所需的铁。

Treatment involves correcting the underlying condition, or, in severe cases, RBC transfusions or erythropoietin injections.

治疗方法包括治疗原发疾病，或在严重的情况下，采用细胞输注或细胞生成素注射。

Oil may be fungible but oil infrastructure is not, notes Michael Tran of RBC Capital Markets.

加拿大皇家银行资本市场的迈尔·特兰指出，石油也许是可替代的，但石油基础设施却不可或缺。

RBC also said the capability of physically disconnecting the Russian part of the internet was tested.

媒体RBC还表示，他们测试了从物理上切断俄罗斯部分互联网的能力。

Microsoft stands to benefit from GPT-4's adoption, said Rishi Jaluria, an analyst at RBC Capital Markets.

RBC Capital Markets 的分析师 Rishi Jaluria 表示，微软将从 GPT-4 的应用中受益。

Decreased RBC production is a bit more complex and involves several mechanisms.

相比之下，细胞生成量减少有点复杂，涉及若干机制。

There are also target cells, which are small RBCs that look like bullseyes due to scrunching up of the excess cell membrane.

也可见靶形细胞（由于多余的细胞膜皱缩而看起来像靶心的小细胞）。

Shortened RBC lifespan is a result of direct cellular destruction via toxins from cancer cells, viruses, or bacterial infections.

其中，细胞寿命缩短是由来自癌细胞、病毒或细菌感染的毒素直接破坏细胞的结果。

This buildup occurs because these RBCs are unable to incorporate iron into hemoglobin, which is necessary for RBCs to transport oxygen.

这是因为细胞无法将铁结合到蛋白中，而铁元素对于细胞运送氧气有重要意义。

" The composition of American growth hasn't been favourable to Canada, " says Nathan Janzen of Royal Bank of Canada (RBC), a bank.

“美国（在疫情后）经济增长的结构对加拿大不利。”加拿大皇家银行的内森·詹森表示。

But PNC has demonstrated a knack for turning round ailing ventures, notably the American arm of RBC, a Canadian bank, which it snapped up in 2012.

但PNC已经展示了其扭转风险的能力，尤其是在2012年收购的加拿大皇家银行(RBC)的美国分部。

The most important one, and the one that most researchers agree upon, involves dysregulation of iron homeostasis and the signals that control RBC production.

最重要的，也是大多数研究人员认同的一点是与铁稳态失调、以及控制细胞生成的信号相关。

Initially, the anemia is normocytic, which means that RBCs have a normal size, but eventually it can become microcytic, meaning RBCs get smaller.

起初，贫患者体内的细胞大小正常，但久而久之，细胞会变小。

First, they damage the RBC membrane, resulting in intramedullary hemolysis, or RBC breakdown in the bone marrow; or extravascular hemolysis, when RBCs are destroyed by macrophages in the spleen.

首先，它们会破坏细胞膜，导致髓内溶（骨髓中细胞分解）或管外溶（细胞被脾脏的巨噬细胞破坏）。

Without it, this leads to a buildup of ribosomes in the RBC and can cause a characteristic studded appearance on histology called Basophilic Stippling.

缺乏核糖核酸酶，会导致细胞中核糖体的堆积，并且可能在组织学上造成特征性的散布外观，称为嗜碱性点彩。

" How high can oil prices go? Pick a number, this is a market in disarray, " noted Mike Tran, an oil expert at RBC Capital Markets.

加拿大皇家银行资本市场的石油专家迈·特兰指出：“油价能涨到多高？选一个数字吧，这是一个混乱的市场。”

The law says that tests should be carried out every year, but RBC said operations were called off in 2020 due to problems caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

该法律规定，每年都应进行检测，但媒体RBC表示，由于新冠肺炎疫情造成的问题，2020年的检测被取消。