And all those free electrons are great at conducting electricity.

而那子有很好的导性。

The free electrons in metals are especially good at this vibrating-to-match-visible-light thing.

子和金属产生的振荡与可见光波长匹配。

The mobile electrons are collected by thin metal fingers at the top of the cell.

子被太阳能池 顶部的细小金属导体收集。

This was an important event! Free electrons are really really good at absorbing photons, absorbing light.

是一个大事件！子非常擅长吸收光子，吸收光。

Sheldon, I was up all night using the new freeelectron laser for my Xray diffraction experiment.

谢尔顿，我整晚都在用新子激光仪做我的X光衍射实验。

So we’ve got insulators and conductors with free electrons moving around in them.

所以我们有绝缘体和导体， 其中有子在其中移动。

To the free-electron laser at night.

使用子激光器的权限。

This imbalance can be created and resolved in lots of different ways.

它缺乏子。个 不平衡可能发生或调整很多。

But what causes these charged particles to move in the first place?

和子穿过它，但是什么？ 带粒子运动的原因？

These extra free electrons want to move as far away from one another as possible.

外的子会尽可能多地离开 彼此可能。

We'll begin at the top with a device called a field emission source which generates free electrons.

我们将从顶部的一个称为场发射源的设备开始，该设备可以产生子。

And when we talk about an object having an overall positive charge, we mean it’s missing free electrons.

当我们谈论一个整体带正荷的物体时， 我们的意思是它缺少子。

As these free electrons rush from one electrode to the other, they collide with more neon atoms, causing them to ionize as well.

当子从极的一端涌向另一端，它们会与更多的氖原子碰撞，并使身也离子化。

Sheldon, I told you, I only have access to the free electron laser at night. I can't drive you for the next few weeks.

谢尔顿我跟你说过了，我只有晚上才能用子激光仪。接下来几个礼拜我都不能开车送你了。

And the amount of dispersion tells you how many free electrons that radio wave had to pass through to reach the detector.

色散量告诉您无线波必须通过多少个子才能到达检测器。

The kind of chemistry that happens inside of a battery is called electrochemistry because it involves reactions that produce or consume free electrons.

池内部发生的化学反应称为化学，因为它涉及产生或消耗子的反应。

To figure this out, let's imagine we have a conductive sphere with a net negative charge meaning it has too many free electrons.

为了找出答案，想象一个带有总荷的携带球 负的，意味着它有外的子。

Once these free charges are at equilibrium, their acceleration is zero, which means that there are no longer any net forces acting on them.

当子达到平衡 没有加速。也就是说，没有施加任何力。

Plasma is kind of like a gas, except that its atoms have some of their electrons stripped off, so it's made up of positively-charged ions and a bunch of free electrons zooming around.

等离子体就像种气体，除了它原子上的一子被扯下来了，所以它是正离子组成的，再加上很多子在旁边乱转。

With those, because of the chemical reaction that produces the electrons, it really is better to let them run all the way down before recharging them, and to stop charging pretty much as soon as they're fully charged.

于在种池里子通过化学反应产生，在对其充前应该完全放，而充满后应立即停止充。