Trypsin is a pancreatic digestive enzyme that is produced as the zymogen trypsinogen.

胰蛋白种胰消化，以胰蛋白原形式产生。

So this antitrypsin protein is a protease inhibitor, and inactivates trypsins, thereby preventing protein breakdown.

而抗胰蛋白种蛋白抑制剂，通过抑制胰蛋白防止蛋白质水解。

The level of alpha-1 antitrypsin in the blood can also be measured.

也可测量血清α-1抗胰蛋白水平。

Cirrhosis caused by alpha-1 antitrypsin can be diagnosed with a liver biopsy.

α-1抗胰蛋白导致的肝硬化可通过肝穿刺活检诊断。

Zymogen granules might fuse with lysosomes bringing trypsinogen into contact with lysosomal digestive enzymes.

原颗粒可会和溶体融合，使胰蛋白原与溶体消化接触。

This test stains glycoproteins like alpha-1 antitrypsin a pink color.

这个检测将如α-1抗胰蛋白等糖蛋白染成粉红色。

Normally, trypsinogen isn't activated until it is cleaved by protease enteropeptidase which is found in the duodenum.

通常情况下，胰蛋白原在被十二指肠中的肠肽切割之后会被激活。

Contemporary, 'normal' flu viruses require the presence of the enzyme trypsin in their human host, in order to replicate.

在当代，“正常”流感病毒需要在其人类宿主中有胰蛋白制。

The 1918 virus instead could proliferate even in the absence of trypsin, making it more pathogenic than other viruses.

1918年的病毒甚至在没有胰蛋白的情况下也增殖，这使得它比其他病毒更具致病性。

Since you need both mutant copies for the disease, this makes alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency a recessive disease.

由于罹患α-1抗胰蛋白缺陷必须有2个突变基因拷贝，α-1抗胰蛋白缺乏症种隐形遗传病。

Symptoms of alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency typically involve the lungs and liver.

α-1抗胰蛋白缺陷的典型症状累及肺和肝。

Trypsins are a type of protease, which is an enzyme that can break down other proteins.

胰蛋白类蛋白，够水解多种蛋白质。

Trypsinogen might then be turned into activated trypsin which begins the cascade of digestive enzyme activation and autodigestion of the pancreas—which is acute pancreatitis.

于胰蛋白原可被转化为活化的胰蛋白，开启消化激活的级联反应，导致胰腺自溶——这急性胰腺炎。

There's also pancreatic amylase which breaks down carbohydrates into shorter oligosaccharides, and proteases, like trypsin, which cleaves proteins down into smaller peptides.

另外还有胰淀粉，可将碳水化合物分解为小分子的寡糖；再者还有蛋白，如胰蛋白，可将蛋白质分解成小分子肽链。

The gene that encodes alpha-1 antitrypsin protein is called SERPINA1, which stands for serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 1.

编码α-1抗胰蛋白的基因SERPINA1，代表丝氨酸蛋白抑制剂，A系，1成员。

Misfolded alpha-1 antitrypsin can aggregate and get stuck in the endoplasmic reticulum of the liver hepatocytes where it's made, causing some of those cells to die.

错误折叠的α-1抗胰蛋白可聚集并阻塞于肝细胞内质网中，即α-1抗胰蛋白产生的地方，导致其中部分肝细胞死亡。

Another effect of unchecked inflammation in alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency is chronic bronchitis, resulting from increased mucus production and narrowing of the airways.

α-1抗胰蛋白缺乏症导致炎症失控的另个后果慢性支气管炎，由黏液增多以及气道狭窄导致。

Diagnosis of alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency often begins with a chest X-ray or Chest CT to look for hyperinflated lungs or evidence of damaged lung tissue.

α-1抗胰蛋白缺乏症的诊断常通过X线胸片或胸部CT寻找肺过度膨胀或肺组织受损的证据。

If both copies of the gene were mutant Z copies, then typically there's only 15 - 20% of normal levels, which results in alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency.

如果两个基因拷贝都异常的Z型，这样的个体般只有正常α-1抗胰蛋白活性的15-20%，导致α-1抗胰蛋白缺陷。

So alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency can lead to both emphysema and chronic bronchitis, the two types of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or COPD.

因此α-1抗胰蛋白缺乏症可导致肺气肿和慢支，而肺气肿和慢支慢阻肺（COPD）中的2种类型。