But you do not need your adrenal cortex spouting off all the time.

但是你不需要你的肾上腺皮质一直喷涌。

There, it triggers the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone, or ACTH.

在那里，它触发促肾上腺皮质激素或促肾上腺皮质激素的释放。

The cortex is the outer layer of the adrenal gland.

皮质即肾上腺的层。

The ACTH travels — again through the bloodstream — to the adrenal cortices of the adrenal glands on top of your kidneys.

促肾上腺皮质激素再次通过血液到达肾脏顶肾上腺的肾上腺皮质。

In both adrenal adenomas and carcinomas, the cells of the zona fasciculata within the adrenal cortex start dividing abnormally and secrete excess cortisol.

在肾上腺腺瘤和肾上腺癌中，肾上腺皮质里束状带的细胞常分裂并分泌过多皮质醇。

In some cases, Cushing syndrome results from a pituitary adenoma making excess ACTH, and in those situations it's called Cushing disease.

在某些病例中，库欣综合征是由垂体腺瘤制造过多促肾上腺皮质激素导致的；在这种情况下，它被称作库欣病。

To prevent levels from staying high for too long, cortisol suppresses the signal that causes the adrenal glands to release more cortisol.

为防止水平过高，皮质醇会抑制导致肾上腺释放更多皮质醇的信号。

The adrenal cortex is the outer part of the adrenal gland and is subdivided into three layers- the zona glomerulosa, the zona fasciculata, and the zona reticularis.

肾上腺皮质是肾上腺的层分，皮质又分为三层：球状带、束状带和网状带。

Second, cortisol starts cross-reacting with mineralocorticoid receptors, which normally only binds a related steroid hormone - mineralocorticoids which are secreted from the zona glomerulosa layer of the adrenal cortex.

第二，皮质醇对盐皮质激素受体产生交叉反应；此类受体一般只与一种相关的类固醇激素结合，即从肾上腺皮质的球状带层分泌的盐皮质激素。

Acute stress and anxiety activate molecules called corticotropins, which produce hormones that tell the body to do certain things, like release the stress hormone cortisol.

急性压力和焦虑会激活一种叫做促肾上腺皮质激素的分子，促肾上腺皮质激素会产生荷尔蒙，告诉身体做某些事情，比如释放压力荷尔蒙皮质醇。

D Our challenge and threat responses essentially influence how our body responds to stressful situations, as both affect the production of adrenaline and cortisol ?

D 我们的挑战和威胁反应从根本上影响我们的身体对压力情况的反应，这两者都影响肾上腺素和皮质醇的产生吗?

When the ACTH binds to receptors on cells in an adrenal cortex, it triggers the release of a frenzy of different freak-out compounds known as glucocorticoid and mineralcorticoid hormones.

当促肾上腺皮质激素与肾上腺皮质细胞上的受体结合时，它会引发不同反常化合物的疯狂释放，这些化合物被称为糖皮质激素和矿物质皮质激素。