Ferns grow in shady and moist places.

羊齿类植物长在阴暗潮湿的。

The carpel is homologous with the megasporophylls of certain spore-bearing vascular plants (pteridophytes) and the ovuliferous scales of gymnosperms.

皮能子的维管植物（羊齿类）还有具胚珠的裸子植物的大子叶是同源的。