Filtering is done by hair-like cellular appendages called cilia.

清除由像样的称为纤毛的细胞附属器官完成。

Then, they face the respiratory tract's first-line defense: the mucociliary escalator.

粘膜纤毛自动扶梯。

Smoking also causes the cilia in the lungs to become irritated, and produce excess mucus.

吸烟还会导致肺部纤毛受到刺激，并产生过量的粘液。

She later determined the pigment was produced by the aquatic bacterium Leptothrix ochracea.

她后来确定，这种颜料由水生菌赭色纤毛菌制造。

Tiny hairs inside your nose called cilia help push it further down your nose.

你的鼻子里叫做纤毛的小毛帮助把它推到鼻子下面。

These groupings of stereocilia can be damaged when exposed to prolonged loud noises.

当暴露长时间的噪音中时，这些立体纤毛群可能会被破坏。

But the team did see single-celled organisms called ciliates in the sick urchins.

但该调查小组确实患病的海胆中现了名为纤毛虫的单细胞生物。

It does this by damaging the cilia, tiny hairlike structures whose job it is to keep the airways clean.

它是通过破坏纤毛来实现的，微小的毛状结构，其作用是保持气道清洁。

These guys can transform into ciliated columnar cells, so they help regenerate and replace damaged ciliated columnar epithelial cells if needed.

它们可以转化为纤毛柱状上皮细胞，必要时可以替代和修复受损的纤毛柱状上皮细胞。

As is true of all ciliates, Stentor coeruleus have hair-like structures called cilia.

所有纤毛虫样，Stentor coeruleus 具有称为纤毛的毛状结构。

One of the body's first lines of defence against airborne pathogens is known as the " mucociliary clearance mechanism" .

人体抵抗空气传播病原体的第道防线被称为“黏液纤毛清除机制”。

But some of these invaders may get past the mucociliary escalator into the lungs, where they meet the alveoli.

但是有些入侵者有可能通过粘膜纤毛自动扶梯并进入到肺里，并接触到肺泡。

They also found predators on the herbivores, in the form of ciliates and predator bacteria, which feed on other bacteria.

他们还现食草动物的捕食者，如纤毛虫以及以其他细菌为食的捕食细菌。

The sliding of the stereocilia puts tension in the link until the channels open and ions rush into the cell.

纤毛滑动，使得连接丝中产生张力，直到通道打开，离子冲进细胞里。

Stentor coeruleus is a part of a group called the ciliates.

Stentor coeruleus 是纤毛虫群的部分。

Now, imagine that this arm represents one stereocilium and this arm represents the adjacent, shorter one with the elastic band between them.

想象下，这条手臂代表了根静纤毛，而这条手臂则代表了旁边更短的根静纤毛，它们之间由橡皮带连接。

Micronuclei in the ciliates then divide several times in each cell.

然后纤毛虫中的微核每个细胞中分裂几次。

And we haven't even talked about the peculiar way that cilliates genetic code works.

我们甚至还没有讨论纤毛虫遗传密码的奇特运作方式。

Their legs and the long claws and they're covered with hairs that increase traction and prevent them from sinking into the sand.

靠的是它们的腿和爪尖上面覆盖着纤毛增大张力，防止它们陷入沙中。

They do, but instead of a heart to pump blood, starfish have tiny hairs called cilia throughout their body.

它们确实如此， 但海星没有泵血的心脏，而是遍布全身的细毛， 称为纤毛。