And this part of your tooth is super sensitive.

牙髓这部分非常敏感。

Eventually, the bacteria penetrate into the pulp, causing irritation and damage to the nerves.

最终细菌侵犯牙髓，对神经产或损害。

If destruction continues into the dentin layer, then the caries lesion enlarges towards the pulp.

牙本质层的损害继续蔓延，缺损会延伸到牙髓。

And that flow stimulates the nerves in the pulp of your tooth, causing shooting pain.

而这种流动了你的牙髓中的神经，导致射痛。

It contains microscopic, fluid-filled tubules that run from the pulp to the underside of the enamel.

它包含微小的、充满液体的小管，从牙髓一直到牙釉质下层。

Usually, they only trigger pain when the tooth's inner pulp and its nerves are already inflamed.

通常情况下，它们只在牙的内部牙髓及其神经已经发炎的情况下才引发疼痛。

From there, they enter the soft center of the tooth, called the pulp, where they provide nutrition and sensation.

自此进入牙柔软的中心：牙髓，它可以提供营养，产感觉。

These kinds of toothaches are often infections in the pulp of the tooth.

这些的牙痛通常是牙髓感染。

Kamarava's endodontic training and experience was provided.

提供了 Kamarava 的牙髓病学培训和经验。

It's provided him with the ability to treat all types of endodontic cases.

这使他具备了治疗所有牙髓病病例的能力。

We call this pulpitis, although there are different strains of this.

我们称之为牙髓炎， 尽管它有不同的种。

So in order to protect the delicate pulp inside of your teeth, you have take really good care of the outside.

所以，为了保护牙内部脆弱的牙髓，你必须好好保护牙外层。

And it’s made up of three layers: the enamel, the dentin, and the pulp.

它由三层组成：牙釉质、牙本质和牙髓。

His practice is limited to endodontics.

他的业务范围仅限于牙髓病学。

I didn't even know the word endodontist existed before today's free plug.

在今天的免费插件之前我甚至不知道牙髓病专家这个词的存在。

When left untreated, dental caries advances toexpose pulp tissue and provides facile access for bacterial invasion.

如果不进行治疗, 牙龈病变会发展到暴露牙髓组织, 为细菌入侵提供方便。

This can lead to irreversible pulpitis or pulpal necrosis, whicheventually constitutes a threat to tooth maintenance, oral mastication, and facial esthetics.

这可能导致不可逆转的牙髓炎或牙髓坏死, 最终对牙维护、口腔咀嚼和面部美学构成威胁。

There's an outer layer of hard enamel, an inner layer of pulp, which contains blood vessels and nerves, and a layer of dentinin between.

外层是坚硬的牙釉质，内层是含有血管和神经的牙髓，中间还有一层牙本质。

But the cavity doesn't really start to hurt until it gets through the dentin to the soft pulp. That'swhen you get a toothache.

但是，要等到酸性物质通过牙本质，开始腐蚀牙髓了才会对牙造成本质的伤害。这个时候牙也就开始疼起来了。

These tubules are important for sensory nerves as well, which use them to travel through the dentin from the pulp to the dentin-enamel junction.

牙本质中的小管对感觉神经也很重要，因为感觉神经可以通过它们从牙髓到达本釉质交界处。