Now, urine's a combination of water, which acts as a solvent, and all sorts of particles, or solutes.

由水和各种颗粒组成，水是溶剂，颗粒为溶。

As more water is retained, it dilutes the other solutes floating around in our blood, like sodium.

随着水分在体内不断蓄积，血其他溶也被稀释，比如钠离子。

In general, when certain solutes become too concentrated in the solvent, they become supersaturated.

一般来说，当溶在溶剂过于浓缩时，会过饱和。

But when measured by weight, the bulk of the solutes in your blood are really the plasma proteins.

但是如果以重量来衡量，你血大部分溶实际上是血浆蛋白。

That snack touching the outside of your exposed dentin has highly concentrated solutes in the form of sugar molecules.

那些接触到你暴露牙本外部零食含有高度集糖分子形式溶。

Or, in official terms, from the side with a lower concentration of solutes to one with a higher concentration.

或者，用更正式一点话说，从溶浓度较低一侧到浓度较高一侧。

Urinary supersaturation of certain solutes results in precipitation out of the solution and formation of crystals.

某些溶过饱和后会从溶析出，形成结晶。

So a one molar solution, contains one mole of solute per one liter of solution.

因此，一摩尔溶每升溶含有一摩尔溶。

As a rule, molarity equals the number of moles of solute divided by liters of solution.

通常，摩尔浓度等于溶摩尔数除以溶升数。

No solutes were found, meaning his urine was maximally dilute [specific gravity].

他里几乎没有溶，这意味着他被极大稀释了。

Well, the first thing to keep in mind is that not every solvent can dissolve every solute.

好吧，首先要记住是， 并非每种溶剂都能溶解每种溶。

It’s not just the pressure outside of the solvent, it’s the partial pressure of the solute.

这不仅仅是溶剂外部压力， 而是溶分压。

This can happen if there's an increase in the solute, or a decrease in the solvent, as would be the case with dehydration.

当溶增多或者溶剂减少时会出现这样现象，比如脱水时。

When we’re dealing with solid solutes and liquid solvents, their total solubility generally goes up as temperature increases.

当我们处理固体溶和体溶剂时，它们总溶解度通常会随着温度升高而升高。

Oncotic pressure results from the the inability of solutes like large proteins - albumin for example - to move across through the capillary.

胶体渗透压是由不能穿过毛细血管溶产生，像是大分子量蛋白，比如白蛋白。

Alright, as a quick recap, nephrolithiasis is the formation of kidney stones, which form when solutes precipitate out into crystals in the urine.

得！快速回顾一下：nephrolithiasis是指有肾结石形成；肾结石在溶于沉淀成晶体时形成。

The most of abundant of these solutes are electrolytes — which you may have heard of as the secret ingredient in sports drinks.

这些溶最多是电解——你可能听说过它是运动饮料秘密成分。

Most of the solute's molecules stay stuck together, remaining neutral.

大多数溶分子粘在一起， 保持性。

To dilute a solution you either have to add more solvent or reduce the amount of solute.

要稀释溶， 您要么必须添加更多溶剂， 要么减少溶量。

Here water is the liquid, or solvent, and hydrogen peroxide is the solute, or dissolved material.

这里水是体或溶剂， 过氧化氢是溶或溶解物。