This gives the wall of the serous pericardium a " buttered bread" appearance.

心包呈现“绒毛心”改变。

On the other side of the smooth muscle layer is the serosa.

在平滑肌另一边是。

The neocortex and serebelum are densely linked, and they closely coordinate to produce thoughts and behaviors.

和紧密相连，它们紧密协调，产生思想和行为。

From the outside in, these are the adventitia, or serosa; the muscular layer; the submucosa and the mucosa.

从外到内看，分别是外（或者说）、肌、黏下与黏。

The outermost layer is either the adventitia, a thick fibrous connective tissue, or the serosa, a slippery serous membrane.

消化道外，既有结缔组织构成纤维，也有光滑、分液。

Basically, when heart cells die in a myocardial infarction, it leads to massive inflammation that also involves the serous pericardium.

心肌梗死导致心肌细胞死亡，引发累及心包强烈炎症反应。

Chronic pericarditis typically results from fibrin deposition in the serous pericardium and it prevents the heart from fully relaxing.

慢性心包炎源于纤维蛋白在心包沉积，影响心肌舒张充盈功能。

The stiff, thickened serous pericardium makes it hard for the ventricles to expand - it's like the heart is wrapped by a boa constrictor.

增厚硬化心包限制心室扩张；心脏如同被蟒蛇缠绕一般。

That's when pericardial fluid begins to pool in the pericardial space, because the serous pericardium can't remove it as quickly as it comes in.

心包积液是渗出液在心包腔内累积结果，因为心包吸收积液速度小于液体渗出速度。

The high levels of urea irritate the serous pericardium, making it secrete a thick pericardial fluid that's full of fibrin strands and white blood cells.

高浓度尿素刺激心包，使其分富含纤维蛋白和白细胞浓稠渗出液。

Okay, so the intestinal wall, like this one, has lots of ridges and grooves, and also can be separated into the mucosal layer, submucosal layer, muscle layer, and serosa.

好，那肠壁有很多脊和槽，像这个图片一样，肠壁还可以被分成黏、黏下、肌和。

In chronic pericarditis, immune cells start to recruit fibroblasts which create lots of fibrin - a protein that makes the serous pericardium stiffer - a bit more like the fibrous pericardium.

在慢性心包炎中，免疫细胞募集成纤维细胞分大量纤维蛋白，使心包硬化，与纤维心包性质相似。

The inner layer of the pouch is the serous pericardium that includes the pericardial cavity, and is filled with a small amount of fluid that lets the heart slip around as it beats.

心包内是心包，包括心包腔；心包腔内含有少量液体，在心脏跳动时起润滑作用。

This is similar to tamponade physiology but happens more gradually and is a result of a change in the composition of the serous pericardium, rather than a fluid collection around the serous pericardium.

这些表现与心脏压塞类似，但进展缓慢，且发病原因是心包本身结构改变，而非心包积液。

The cells of the serous pericardium secrete and reabsorb the fluid, so usually there's no more than 50 milliliters of fluid in the pericardial cavity at one time - that's about as much as a shot glass.

心包分和吸收液体，心包腔内液体含量正常不超过50毫升，相当于一小杯酒液体量。

But of course it's much more than just a storage tank — it's lined with the same four main layers found through most of the GI tract — the mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, and serosa — but it's got a few special modifications.

当然，它不仅仅是一个储存罐。它内衬着与大部分胃肠道相同四个主要——粘、粘下、外肌和——但它有一些特殊修改。