1.Wernerians thought strata were deposits from shrinking seas, but James Hutton proposed a self-maintaining infinite cycle, anticipating uniformitarianism.

1.沃纳里恩斯认为层是收缩的海洋的沉积物，但詹姆斯•赫顿提出一个自我维持的期，进均变论的发展。

2.The effects of tiemolecule on shrinking stress of the fiber and the effects of spinning speed on its texture were analyzed.

2.分析缚结分子对纤维收缩力的作用及纺速对纤维织构的影响。

3.The risorius and the buccinator muscles assist in the retraction of the lips, as well as support entrapment of air within the oral cavity.

3.笑肌和颊肌帮助唇的收缩，也支撑整个口腔的气体流通。