Yet whereas petrostates such as Nigeria and Angola have ploughed money into industrial white elephants, Botswana has invested in future sources of wealth, including education and infrastructure.

然而，当尼日利哥拉等石油国家将资金投入到无用的工业项目时，博茨瓦纳却投资于未来的财富来源，包括教育基础设施建设。

Although Germany is one of the most energy-efficient countries in Europe—meaning waste is low—it consumes enormous amounts of energy owing to its large industrial base (see chart 4).

尽管德国是欧洲能效最高的国家之一（这意味着浪费很少），但由于其庞大的工业基础，它消耗了大量的能源（见图 4）。

In fact, I do not assume that industrialized states are " better" than hunter-gatherer tribes, or that the abandonment of the hunter-gatherer lifestyle for iron-based statehood represents " progress, " or that it has led to an increase in human happiness.

事实上，认为工业化国家比狩猎采集部落“更好”，也认为放弃狩猎采集生活方式而转向以铁为基础的国家代表着“进步”，或者它导致了人类人口的增加。幸福。