In the West, there have been successful phage trials for foot ulcers.

在西方，已经有成功的噬菌体试验治疗足溃疡。

Others are transmitted by bacteriophages, specialised viruses that infect bacteria.

另一些则通过噬菌体传播，噬菌体是一种专门感染细菌的病毒。

There are more phages on earth than every other organism combined, including bacteria.

地球上所有的有机体加起来也没有噬菌体的数量多，包括细菌。

Although only one family of insect was analyzed, the anti-mycophagy hypothesis should be reconsidered.

虽然了一个昆虫家族，但确实应该重新考虑抗真菌噬菌体假说。

Billions are on your hands, in your intestines and your eyelids right now.

你的手上，肚子里和眼睑上现在就有上亿个噬菌体。

That helps the phages, because their bacterial prey also accumulate in mucus, which is thus a rich hunting ground.

有助于噬菌体，因为细菌的侵染过程也是积聚在粘液中，就为噬菌体提供了大量的寄生宿主。

A phage is a virus; not quite alive, not quite dead.

噬菌体是一种病毒；然而它并不完全是活的，也不完全是死的。

But phages also have major flaws.

然而，噬菌体有一个最大的缺点。

Like any other virus, phages need a host to survive and reproduce.

像所有其他的病毒一样，噬菌体需要宿主来生存繁殖。

Phages, viruses that attack bacteria but don't affect humans, are one promising new avenue to combat bacterial infections.

噬菌体，一种能攻击细菌但不感染人体的病毒，是一个很有前景的对抗细菌感染的新途径。

This happens when phages, rather than killing their hosts immediately, integrate their genomes into those of their prey.

当噬菌体不是立即杀死宿主，而是将自己的基因组整合到猎物的基因组中时，就会发生种情况。

Several clinical trials of phage therapy have already been successfully conducted in Poland, the nation of Georgia and Bangladesh.

波兰、格鲁吉亚和孟加拉国已经成功地进行了若干噬菌体治疗的临床试验。

Dr Chen reckons that phages could in this way end up stealing up to a quarter of their host's genome.

陈博士认为噬菌体可以通过种方式窃取四之一的宿主基因组。

The way the phage hunts is with its feet.

噬菌体捕食的方式是用脚。

Typically, a phage will only infect a single bacterial species.

通常， 噬菌体会感染一种细菌。

Phages need a healthy population of bacteria  to survive.

噬菌体需要健康的细菌群落才能生存。

The side touching the food is coated with phage E2, a virus engineered to stick only to Salmonella typhimurium bacteria.

触摸食物的一边涂有噬菌体E2, 是一种被研发成会依附鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的病毒。

Smith's method is known as “phage display.”

史密斯的方法被称为“噬菌体展示”。

Usually, a phage has chosen one specific bacteria and maybe some of its very close relatives.

通常情况下，一个噬菌体寄生某一种细菌以及一些它们的近亲。

Winter used Smith's phage display method to create new kinds of antibodies.

温特使用史密斯的噬菌体展示方法创造了新型抗体。