Although in the early days of anthropology, the object of study was still societies considered 'primitive, '...at least by those anthropologists.

尽管在类学早期阶段，研究对象仍然是被认为是“原始”… … 至少在那些类学家看来。

But anthropologists theorize that early hominids relied on lightning to cause forest fires, from which they could collect coals and burning sticks.

但是类学家推论早期原始依赖闪电引起森林大火，从而收取煤和燃烧枝干。

You will hear two anthropology students called Victor and Olivia discussing their joint presentation about an original explorer called Thor Heyerdahl.

你将听到两个分别叫做Victor和Olivia类学系学生讨论他联合演讲，演讲内容是关于一个叫做Thor Heyerdahl原始探险家。

Anthropology was by definition impossible, as long as these distinctions between ourselves and the primitive, ourselves and the barbarian, ourselves and the pagan, held sway over people's minds.

只要我同原始、我同野蛮、我同异教徒之间存在区别在中占支配地位，类学按它定义就不可能存在。

In 1937, the world-renowned anthropologist Margaret Mead published Cooperation and Competition among Primitive Peoples, based on her studies of several societies that did not prize competition, and, in fact, seemed at times to place a negative value on it.

1937年，世界著名类学家玛格丽特·米德根据她对几个不重视竞争研究，出版了《原始之间合作与竞争》，事实上，这些有时似乎对竞争持否定态度。

So you might remember Dr. Robert Martin, who you're familiar with from episodes like " Breast Episode Ever" and " Why did King Tut have a flat head? " He's a biological anthropologist and has spent his career researching various aspects of Hominid evolution.

所以你可能还记得罗伯特·马丁博士， 你在“Breast Episode Ever”和“为什么图坦卡蒙国王有一个平” 等剧集中熟悉他？ 他是一名生物类学家， 在他职业生涯中一直在研究原始进化各个方面.