Protoporphyrinogen IX is converted a protoporphyrin IX by protoporphyrinogen oxidase.

原卟原IX被原卟原氧化酶转化为原卟IX。

Lastly, an iron molecule is added to a protoporphyrin IX via the enzyme ferrochelatase.

最后，铁分子通过亚铁螯合酶添加到原卟IX中。

Protoporphyrinogen IX is converted to protoporphyrin IX by protoporphyrinogen oxidase.

原卟原IX在原卟原氧化酶催化下成原卟IX。

There, P. gingivalis releases toxins called gingipains, and that's when things start to get really messy.

牙龈卟在大脑释放出称为牙龈蛋白酶的毒素，此时情况开始变得糟糕。

There's even evidence that suggests P. gingivalis could make it harder for the brain to get rid of this stuff.

甚至有证据表明，牙龈卟使大脑更难清除这些物质。

Now individuals with acute intermittent porphyria have a mutation of the HMBS gene which codes for the enzyme porphobilinogen deaminase.

急性间歇性卟的患者存在HMBS基因的突变；该基因编码卟胆原脱氨酶。

So oral bacteria might increase the risk of esophageal cancer, especially porphyromonas gingivalis, which has been detected in cancerous tissues.

口腔细还可能增加食管癌的风险，尤其是牙龈卟单胞，其已在癌组织中被检测到。

Now with sideroblastic anemia, there's defective protoporphyrin synthesis, which results in impaired incorporation of iron to form heme.

在铁粒幼细胞性贫血中，原卟合成存在缺陷，导致铁结合形成血红素的能力受损。

They create porphyrins, pigments that color blood red and chlorophyl green.

它们产卟，这种色素使血变成红色，叶绿变成绿色。

This heme is a large molecule that's made up of four pyrrole subunits that forms a ring, and this structure is called a porphyrin.

血红素是个大分子，由四个吡咯亚基形成环形，这个结构叫作卟。

Historically-speaking, scientists have had a hard time finding causes and treatments for it, and this P. gingivalis thing is just one hypothesis among many.

科学家们一直很难找到因和治疗方法，牙龈卟只是众多假说中的一种。

This heme is a large molecule that's made up of four pyrrole subunits that form a ring, and this structure is called a porphyrin.

血红素是一个由4个吡咯亚基形成的环状大分子，这种结构称之为卟。

The idea is that, as periodontitis breaks down cells in the gums, P. gingivalis is able to break into the rest of the body.

其理念是，当牙周炎破坏牙龈细胞时，牙龈卟能侵入身体的其他部位。

It’s said the “mad king who lost America” suffered from a genetic blood disorder called porphyria.

据说这位“失去美国的疯王”患有一种叫做卟症的遗传性血液疾。

Now, heme synthesis is also called porphyrin synthesis and when halted, it result in the buildup of one of its precursors molecules.

血红素合成也被称为卟合成，如果停止，这导致它的一个前体分子的积累。

The major genera with the largest representation in the oral cavities include: streptococcus, prevotella, haemophilus, rothia, veillonella, neisseria, fusobacterium, and porphyromonas.

口腔中的微物主要包括以下几个大属：链球属、普氏属、嗜血杆属、罗氏属、韦荣氏球属、奈瑟氏属、梭杆属卟单胞属。

To diagnose acute intermittent porphyria, a urinalysis is conducted which typically shows an elevation of porphobilinogen at least five times greater than normal levels.

为诊断急性间歇性卟，尿检通常显示卟胆原水平上升，至少比正常值升高五倍。

Glucose and heme are the treatments for acute intermittent porphyria as they inhibit aminolevulinic acid synthase, the first enzyme involved in heme synthesis.

葡萄糖和血红素用于治疗急性间歇性卟，他们能抑制氨基乙酰丙酸的合成，即影响参血红素合成的第一种酶。

But, by injecting a small molecule that blocked P. gingivalis's ability to get energy, the team was able to reduce both the number of bacteria and the associated inflammation.

但是，通过注射一种阻止牙龈卟获取能量的小分子，研究小组能减少细数量和相关炎症。

In order to better understand acute intermittent porphyria, we need to first take a look at hemoglobin, the main protein within red blood cells that's responsible for carrying oxygen.

为了更好地理解急性间歇性卟，我们首先需要来了解血红蛋白；作为红细胞内的主要蛋白，它负责携带氧气。