The embankment, viewed as " the second line of defense" , is located about 2 kilometers from the breached dike and is 14.3 kilometers long, according to Xinhua News Agency.
Yet the river also brought terrible suffering, historically flooding twice every three years and changing course every century. The terrible 1887 flood alone killed approximately 900,000 to 2 million people.
Zhu Dongtie, head of Hunan's Department of Water Resources, said they need to drain about 200 million cubic meters of water and plan to use pumping equipment as soon as the breach is repaired.
The people downstream of Oroville Dam, and indeed any large dam across the world, probably chose their home or workplace without considering too carefully the consequences of a failure and breach.
Zhang Yingchun, Hunan's executive vice-governor, said more than 100,000 cubic meters of rock have been used in sealing off the breach, and crews had been sealing off 3.5 meters of the breach an hour.
No water seepage exiting the downstream face of the embankment or eroding soil was evident in the time leading up to the breach, ruling this mechanism out as the main cause of failure.