However, some private organizations assist people in genetic counseling, and reprogenetics may be considered as a form of non-state-enforced liberal eugenics.

然而，一些给人们提供遗传咨询的私人机构遗传学（利用遗传学技术来改变或控制过程）可被视为某种形式的、非国家实施的义优学。

Some forms of infanticide in ancient societies, present-day reprogenetics, preemptive abortions and designer babies have been (sometimes controversially) referred to as eugenic.

古代社会的某些杀婴行为、当今的遗传学、抢先堕胎设计者设计婴儿这些（有时是有争议的）行动都被称为优。