裸子植物的

The carpel is homologous with the megasporophylls of certain spore-bearing vascular plants (pteridophytes) and the ovuliferous scales of gymnosperms.

心皮和能产生孢子维管植（羊齿类）还有具胚珠裸子植孢子叶是同源。

Areography of the gymnosperms of China (1): Distribution of the Pinaceae of China.

国裸子植分布区究(1)——松科植地理分布.

Bract scale The structure found in large numbers in the female cone of gymnosperms, each bearing an ovuliferous scale in its axil.

在裸子植雌量存在结构，每个苞鳞都包含一个珠鳞。