1.The carpel is homologous with the megasporophylls of certain spore-bearing vascular plants (pteridophytes) and the ovuliferous scales of gymnosperms.
心皮和能产生孢子维管植物(羊齿类)还有具胚珠裸子植物大孢子叶是同源。
2.Areography of the gymnosperms of China (1): Distribution of the Pinaceae of China.
中国裸子植物分(1)——植物地理分.
3.Bract scale The structure found in large numbers in the female cone of gymnosperms, each bearing an ovuliferous scale in its axil.