They advance against that standard, rather than the pestilence, beggary and injustice of serfdom.

他们按照这个标准发展，而不是将对抗瘟疫、贫困和农奴制的不公定为发展的方向。

When Catherine realized her core support came from those same landlords, she did an about-face and actually increased serfdom.

当凯瑟琳意识到她的核心支自这些地主时，她做了一个大转变，反而加重了农奴制。

Ask why property rights are weak and you may be taken further back, to the end of serfdom in 1861.

询问为什么财产权如此脆弱，你可能会被带回到1861年农奴制结束的时候。

That is the whole principle of serfdom.

这就是农奴制的全部原则。

So you hanker for the days of serfdom.

这么说 你向往奴隶社会。

Children of free men were also deemed free,   and serfdom awaited for the children of serfs.

自由人的孩子也被认为是自由的，农奴的孩子等待着农奴制。

Thus, in 1861 he brought serfdom to an end and emancipated the serfs of Russia in one

因此，他于1861年结束了农奴制，解放了俄罗斯的农奴。

I am done with the monster of " We, " the word of serfdom, of plunder, of misery, falsehood and shame.

我受够了“我们”这个怪物，受奴役、掠、、虚假和耻辱这个词。

This breakdown of serfdom and feudalism was followed by social unrest and rebellions when the aristocracy tried to fight the demands of the workers.

农奴制和封建制度的崩溃，随之而的是社会动荡和叛乱，贵族试图反抗工人的要求。

The characterization of Russian domestic serfs as " human machines" is an acerbic jibe at Russian serfdom, in force until 1861.

将俄国家农奴定性为“人类机器”是对俄国农奴制的尖锐嘲讽，这种制度一直续到 1861 年。

Published in 1944, " The Road to Serfdom" argued that state intervention often produced the need for further state intervention and, with it, raised the chances of fascism.

1944 年出版的《通往奴役之路》认为，国家干预往往会产生进一步国家干预的需要，并随之增加法西斯主义的可能性。

But, at the same time, she'd failed in her goal to abolish serfdom, just as she'd failed to institute reforms that improved life for the 95% of the population who lived outside the cities.

但与此同时，她未能实现废除农奴制的目标，就像她未能实施改善 95% 居住在城市以外人口生活的改革一样。

Simon Kartinkin was the atavistic production of serfdom, stupid, without education, and even without religion. Euphemia was his mistress, and a victim of heredity. All the symptoms of degenerate life were in her.

Simon Kartinkin 是农奴制的返祖产物，愚蠢，没有受过教育，甚至没有宗教信仰。尤菲米亚是他的情妇，也是遗传的受害。堕落生命的所有症状都在她身上。

It was an understandable response to a thousand-year history of Mongol invasions, byzantine intrigues, great famines, pervasive serfdom, unbridled tyranny, countless insurrections, bloody revolutions, crippling wars, years-long sieges, and millions upon millions slaughtered—all on a frigid landscape that forgave nothing.

这是可以理解的，因为一千年蒙古人的入侵、拜占庭式的阴谋、大饥荒、无处不在的农奴制、肆无忌惮的暴政、无数的起义、血腥的革命、残酷的战争、长达数年的围困和数以百万计的屠杀——所有这些都在一个不宽恕任何人的寒冷土地上。